Resources with keywords: Monkeypox
Autochthonous clade Ib transmission confirmed in EU/EEA. Outside Africa, 97% of cases are male, 89% MSM — pattern relevant to clinical triage and ED screening protocols. Laboratory personnel should note that standard dermatopathology laboratory procedures (formalin fixation) adequately inactivate orthopoxviruses; however, unfixed specimens require BSL-2 handling. ECDC recommends JYNNEOS post-exposure prophylaxis for HCWs with unprotected exposure within 4 days.
HCWs caring for mpox patients without adequate PPE (gown, gloves, eye protection, N95 for aerosol-generating procedures) face direct contact transmission risk. All clades (Ia, Ib, IIb) circulating globally. Clade Ib recombinant with Ia/IIb genomic elements detected in February 2026; biological behavior not yet fully characterized. Diagnostic laboratory personnel handling skin lesion specimens must use BSL-2 enhanced precautions. JYNNEOS vaccine recommended for HCWs at occupational risk.
Recombination of monkeypox virus (MPXV) strains has been documented in recent months, with two cases of a recombinant strain comprising clade Ib and IIb MPXV reported. Based on available information, the overall WHO public health risk assessment for mpox remains unchanged.
The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has identified a new recombinant mpox virus in England in an individual who had recently travelled to Asia. Genomic sequencing showed that the mpox genome contained elements of clade Ib and IIb mpox.
Health authorities in Southern California have reported three cases of clade 1 monkeypox in people with no recent travel.
Levy V, Branzuela A, Hsieh K, et al.
The first reported clade Ib MPXV infection in the Americas was identified via electronic laboratory reporting in California in a U.S. traveler who returned from East Africa.
A vaccine consisting of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), a live, attenuated, non-replicating, proprietary version of the MVA virus, used for the prevention of smallpox and monkeypox
CDC assessed the risk to the United States posed by the clade I mpox outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo and in countries in Central and Eastern Africa. Four travel-associated cases of clade Ib mpox have been confirmed in the United States—in California, Georgia, New Hampshire, and New York. Our risk assessment remains unchanged, since onward spread of clade I mpox has not occurred in the United States to date. The risk to the general population is assessed as low.
The high proportion of children with suspected mpox reported in the current outbreak is likely due to a number of factors, including spread within and between close households, younger population demographics in impacted countries, misdiagnosis of other diseases (such as measles), poor sanitary conditions, limited access to health services, and a high level of food insecurity and malnutrition.
